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VA Loan

A VA loan is a mortgage benefit for eligible veterans, active-duty service members, and surviving spouses — backed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. No down payment required, no PMI, and competitive rates. For veteran business owners whose taxes understate income, Non-QM alternatives may qualify on bank statements instead.

By Sunrise Lending

About this program

What is a VA Loan?

A mortgage backed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Eligible veterans, active-duty service members, and surviving spouses can purchase with no down payment and no PMI. A one-time VA Funding Fee applies (waived for service-connected disability). For veteran business owners whose tax returns understate income, Non-QM bank statement programs are an alternative that preserves VA entitlement.

How it works — step by step

  1. Confirm your VA entitlement

    Request your Certificate of Eligibility (COE) through the VA eBenefits portal or let your Sunrise officer pull it directly. COE confirms your VA loan entitlement and remaining benefit (full entitlement = no down payment required in most cases).

  2. Take the 60-second check-in

    Five questions about your service history, income structure, and what you're buying. For veteran business owners, the matcher checks whether VA qualifying income from tax returns is sufficient, or whether a Non-QM program better fits your income documentation.

  3. Gather income documentation

    W-2 veterans need 2 years of W-2s and recent pay stubs. Self-employed veterans need 2 years of personal and business tax returns plus a year-to-date P&L. VA income calculation rules for self-employed mirror conventional.

  4. Licensed MLO reviews VA eligibility and income

    A Sunrise officer confirms your COE, reviews VA residual income requirements (a VA-specific cash-flow test), and confirms the program fit. VA residual income is calculated by state and household size.

  5. VA appraisal and underwriting

    VA loans require a VA appraisal by an approved VA appraiser — which includes a VA Minimum Property Requirements (MPR) check. Timeline and process are similar to FHA but with VA-specific overlays.

What it usually looks like

  • VA Certificate of Eligibility (COE) — veteran, active-duty, National Guard, Reserve, or surviving spouse
  • Primary residence only (VA does not finance investment properties)
  • No minimum credit score in VA guidelines (most lenders require 580–620 as an overlay)
  • No down payment required with full VA entitlement
  • No PMI — VA charges a one-time VA Funding Fee (waived for service-connected disability)
  • VA Minimum Property Requirements (MPR) — property must meet VA safety and condition standards
  • Residual income requirement: VA checks net income after all obligations by household size and region
  • Self-employed veterans: 2 years of business and personal tax returns (same as conventional)

How it compares

FactorVA LoanConventionalFHA
EligibilityVeterans, active-duty, surviving spousesAny qualifying borrowerAny qualifying borrower
Down payment$0 with full entitlement3–20%3.5%
Mortgage insuranceNo PMI; one-time VA Funding FeePMI if <20% downMIP always
Loan limitsNo limit with full entitlementConforming limit appliesFHA limit by county
Residual income testYes — VA-specific cash-flow checkNoNo
Property typePrimary residence onlyPrimary, second, investmentPrimary only

Program terms, LTV limits, and documentation requirements vary by lender. As of June 2026. Not a commitment to lend.

Real scenarios

Veteran-owned HVAC business, San Antonio TX

A Marine Corps veteran who owned an HVAC company had a VA COE with full entitlement. His Schedule C showed $82K net after depreciation. VA income calculation accepted the net plus depreciation add-back — total qualifying income $94K/year. He purchased a $420K primary residence with $0 down. VA Funding Fee: 2.15% (first use), financed into the loan.

COE status
Full entitlement (no down required)
VA qualifying income
$94K/yr (net + add-backs)
Down payment
$0
VA Funding Fee
2.15% (financed)

Illustrative scenario. Not a commitment to lend.

Active-duty officer transitioning to self-employment, Virginia Beach VA

A Navy officer separating from active duty had 18 months of 1099 contractor work lined up. VA guidelines allowed him to count the new contract income with a one-year contract letter. He purchased using a VA loan with no down payment, leveraging his entitlement before transitioning full-time to his consulting firm.

COE status
Active-duty, separating
Income documentation
1-year contract letter + 2 years prior W-2
Down payment
$0
Path
VA loan at separation

Illustrative scenario. Not a commitment to lend.

Who this fits

Common questions

Who qualifies for a VA loan?
Veterans who served the minimum active-duty period, current active-duty service members, qualified National Guard and Reserve members, and surviving spouses of veterans who died in service or from a service-connected disability. Eligibility is confirmed by a Certificate of Eligibility (COE).
Do I need a down payment for a VA loan?
No — with full VA entitlement, there is no down payment requirement and no loan amount cap. If you have partial entitlement (prior VA loans not fully paid off), a down payment may be required on amounts above your remaining entitlement.
What is the VA Funding Fee?
A one-time fee paid to the VA that funds the loan program. For first-time VA borrowers with no down payment, the fee is typically 2.15% of the loan amount. It can be financed into the loan. Veterans with a service-connected disability rating have the fee waived.
Can a self-employed veteran use a VA loan?
Yes. VA income rules for self-employed borrowers mirror conventional — two years of personal and business tax returns with standard add-backs. For veteran business owners whose tax returns understate real income, a Non-QM bank statement program may qualify on higher income while the VA benefit is preserved for a future purchase.
What is the VA residual income requirement?
VA requires that after all monthly obligations (including the proposed mortgage), the borrower has a minimum amount of net income remaining — called residual income. The amount varies by loan size, region, and household size. This is separate from the DTI requirement.
Can I use a VA loan more than once?
Yes. VA entitlement can be restored after a prior VA loan is paid off or assumed by another eligible veteran. Borrowers with full remaining entitlement can use the benefit multiple times throughout their lifetime.
Does VA allow investment properties?
No. VA loans are for primary residences only. If you're a veteran purchasing investment property, DSCR loans qualify the property on its own rental income regardless of your personal income documentation.
What is the minimum credit score for a VA loan?
VA itself has no minimum credit score. Most lenders apply overlays requiring 580–620. The check-in asks for your score band so the matcher shows you programs your profile qualifies for, including any VA-specific overlays.

Not sure if VA Loan is the right fit?

Take the 60-second check-in. The matcher narrows you to the right path; a licensed mortgage officer reviews before anything formal moves.

Related resources

Sources

  1. 1.U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA Home Loans — VA Loan EligibilityAccessed June 2026
  2. 2.U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA Funding Fee and Loan Closing CostsAccessed June 2026
  3. 3.Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). What Is a VA Loan?Accessed June 2026

VA loans are available to eligible veterans, active-duty service members, and surviving spouses as determined by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA Funding Fee rates and eligibility requirements are set by VA and subject to change. Final approval, terms, and rates are determined by the lender after underwriting. Not a commitment to lend.

Sunrise Lending · Equal Housing Opportunity. Matching rules are written and reviewed by licensed mortgage professionals. All loan decisions are made by licensed mortgage professionals. Not a commitment to lend. Loan approval subject to underwriting guidelines. This is not financial advice.